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Produced by the National Agricultural Library, AGRICOLA contains bibliographic records of materials acquired by the National Agricultural Library and cooperating institutions in agricultural and related sciences. Records come from the NAL Online Public Access Catalog and NAL’s Article Citation Database. The catalog provides citations to books, audiovisual materials and serials. The article database provides citations to journal articles, book chapters, reports and reprints. Coverage includes: agricultural administration, laws and regulations, economics, education, training and extension, engineering and products; animal science; aquatic sciences; chemistry; energy as related to agriculture; entomology; feed science; food science and food products; forestry; general agriculture; geography, meteriology, climatology and history; home economics and human ecology; human nutrition; institutional food service; life sciences; natural resources management and environmental pollution; pesticides; plant diseases; plant science and production; rural sociology; soil science; veterinary medicine. |
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| Producer | |||
| National Agricultural
Library U.S. Department of Agriculture Information Systems Division 10301 Baltimore Ave. Beltsville, MD 20705 (301) 504-6813 Website:http://agricola.nal.usda.gov | Segments and Years of Coverage | ||
| AGRA (1970 - Present) The limit of databases that you can select for a multifile search session is based upon database segments rather than actual databases. The Ovid multifile segment limit is set at 120 to avoid impacting your search sessions. This database includes 6 segments. | |||
| Online Update Frequency | |||
| Monthly | Go: Table of Contents or Back | ||
The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable fields, and a description of the field.
| Label | Name / Example |
| AB | Abstract [Word Indexed] dietary fiber.ab. soil conservation.ab. |
| The Abstract (AB) field contains the full text of the abstract. For records other than those describing journal articles and book chapters, this field may also contain a summary, annotation, review, or short description of the material. | |
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| AF | All Searchable Fields |
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All Searchable Fields (AF) is an alias for all of the fields which occur in the source documents, including value-added fields such as Subject Headings (SH). |
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| AI | Acquisition Information [Word Index] dept of agriculture.ai. |
| The Acquisition Information (AI) field contains acquisition information for the item described or its reproduction. Stock numbers may be included. | |
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| AL | NAL Location [Phrase Indexed] |
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The NAL Location (AL) field contains either a National Agricultural Library (NAL) call number or an NAL classification number. |
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| AN | Accession Number [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Accession Number (AN) contains a unique 11 character alphanumeric identifier assigned by the National Agricultural Library. | |
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| AU | Author [Phrase Indexed] ladd jn.au. padilla$.au. |
| The Author (AU) field contains one or more authors. The author's last name is followed by either initials or given names. You may search an author's name by entering the last name followed by the first initial, if known. Use truncation to find variations in author names. | |
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| BT | Book Title [Word Indexed] |
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The Book Title (BT) field includes the title of the book containing the chapter that has been individually indexed. |
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| CA | Corporate Author [Word Indexed] |
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The Corporate Author (CA) field contains corporate names and may also include departments and sub-departments. The information is taken from the source document and is not standardized. Enter the single most descriptive word in a corporate name, for example, "harvard" rather than "university". Consider both full spellings and abbreviations. |
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| CC | Category Code [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Category Code (CC) field contains alphanumeric subject codes and their corresponding headings. These codes have been assigned by the National Agricultural Library. The headings and their scope notes may be viewed using the Classification Code tool. | |
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| CW | Category Code Word [Word Indexed] |
The Category Code Word (CW) index contains alphanumeric subject codes and their corresponding headings. These codes have been assigned by the National Agricultural Library and vary over time. The codes, headings and their scope notes may be viewed using the Classification Codes tool. |
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| CD | Coden [Phrase Indexed] jfdsaz.cd. bibudz.cd. |
| The Coden (CD) field contains a five or six character unique identifier for scientific and technical periodical titles. | |
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| DE | Descriptor [Phrase Indexed] |
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The Descriptors (DE) field contains controlled vocabulary terms that are not from the National Agricultural Library Agricultural Thesaurus. See the Subject Heading (SH) field for terms from the National Agricultural Library Agricultural Thesaurus. See the Personal Name as Subject (PS) field for a person who is the subject of a work. |
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| DP | Date of Publication [Display Only] |
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The Date of Publication (DP) field consists of the date of publication for an article or chapter. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field. |
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| ED | Edition [Word Indexed] |
| The Edition (ED) field contains information relating to the edition of a work. Edition information displays as part of the Title (TI) field. | |
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| EL | Electronic Location [Word Indexed] |
| The Electronic Location (EL) field contains the information required to locate an electronic item. Elements of the electronic location are individually indexed. For example, you may search for individual elements of an internet domain. | |
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| GC | Geographic Area [Phrase Indexed] |
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The Geographic Area (GC) field includes countries, individual states or provinces, and geographic regions when appropriate. Consider both the country and its principle sovereign entities when searching. |
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| GN | GPO Item Number [Phrase Indexed] |
| The GPO Item Number (GN) field contains an item number assigned by the Government Printing Office (GPO). The item number is used to manage the distribution of publications to libraries within the GPO's Depository Library System. | |
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| HL | Holding Institution [Word Indexed] |
The Holding Institution (HL) field contains the USMARC code of the institution reporting that it holds the item. For your institution's local holdings, consider the Local Messages (LM), and Locally Held (LH) fields. |
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| HW | Heading Word [Word Indexed] |
| The Heading Word (HW) field includes words from the Subject Heading (SH), Identifier (ID), Personal Name as Subject (PS), Category Code (CC), and Geographic Area (GC) fields. You may enter both words and phrases when searching this field. | |
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| IB | ISBN [Phrase Indexed] |
| The ISBN (IB) field contains the International Standard Book Number. | |
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| ID | Identifier [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Identifier (ID) field contains headings not derived from a controlled subject heading system or thesaurus. Consider this field as a supplement to both Subject Heading (SH) and free-text fields, such as Title (TI) and Abstract (AB). | |
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| IP | Issue / Part [Word Index] |
| The Issue / Part (IP) field contains the issue, supplement, or part number. | |
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| IS | ISSN [Phrase Indexed] |
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The ISSN (IS) field contains the International Standard Serial Number. It appears as an 8 digit number, separated by a hyphen: 0028-4793. Use a hyphen or space when searching. |
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| JN | Journal Name [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Journal Name (JN) field contains the full Journal Name used in AGRICOLA. The Journal Name displays in the Source (SO) field. | |
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| JW | Journal Word [Word Indexed] |
| The Journal Word (JW) field contains words from the Journal Name. You may use both words and phrases to search this field. The JW index is not available on the Microsoft Windows NT platform. | |
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| LG | Language [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Language (LG) field contains the language or languages included in a work. | |
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| LR | Latest Revision [Phrase Indexed] |
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The Latest Revision (LR) field indicates the year, month, and day a record was revised by the National Agricultural Library. The Latest Revision displays in the Update Code (UP) field. |
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| MI | Meeting Information [Word Indexed] |
| The Meeting Information (MI) field contains information for a meeting or conference citation. Included is the conference name, place, and date. | |
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| MX | Map Information [Word Indexed] |
| The Map Information (MX) field contains mathematical data associated with cartographic material, including a statement of scale, statement of projection, and a statement of bounding coordinates. The coordinates can represent a bounding rectangle, the outline of the area covered, or the outline of an interior area not covered. For celestial charts, it may also contain a statement of zone, declination data, ascension data, and equinox. | |
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| NT | Note [Word Indexed] |
| The Note (NT) field contains additional information which may be helpful identifying a work or its content. | |
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| OT | Original Title [Word Indexed] |
| The Original Title (OT) field contains the title in its original language. | |
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| PB | Publisher [Word Indexed] |
| The Publisher (PB) field contains the publisher for books and serials. | |
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| PD | Physical Description [Word Indexed] |
| The Physical Description (PD) field contains the physical description of the item which consists of its extent, dimensions, and other physical details, including information concerning accompanying material. It displays as part of the Source (SO) field. | |
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| PG | Pagination [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Pagination (PG) field displays the full pagination of the article or chapter. It displays as part of the Source (SO) field. | |
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| PN | Publisher Number [Word Index] |
| The Publisher Number (PN) field contains publishers' numbers and names used for sound recordings, printed music, and video recordings. | |
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| PP | Place of Publication [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Place of Publication (PP) field includes both countries and individual states or provinces when appropriate. Consider both the country and its principle sovereign entities when searching. | |
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| PS | Personal Name as Subject [Phrase Indexed] |
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The Personal Name as Subject (PS) field contains the subject heading when it contains the name of a person who is the subject of a work. Generally the full name is included. You may also find dates and information specifically relating to the type of information included in the work. Use truncation when searching difficult to spell names in this field. |
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| PT | Publication Type [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Publication Type (PT) field contains both the type of work as well as the content of a work. | |
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| RN | Report Number [Word Indexed] |
| The Report Number (RN) field contains the report number assigned by a specific agency or institution. | |
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| SE | Series Information [Word Indexed] |
| The Series Information (SE) field contains information gleaned from a variety of series statements. It displays as part of the Source (SO) field. | |
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| SH | Subject Heading [Phrase Indexed] |
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The Subject Heading (SH) field contains terms from the National Agricultural Library Agricultural Thesaurus. See the Descriptors (DE) field for controlled vocabulary terms from other thesauri and the Personal Name as Subject (PS) field for a person who is the subject of a work |
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| SL | Summary Language [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Summary Language (SL) field contains the language or languages of abstracts or summaries included in a work. | |
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| SN | SUDOC Number [Word Indexed] |
| The SUDOC Number (SN) field contains the classification number assigned to a government document by a government agency at the state, national, or international level. | |
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| SO | Source |
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The Source (SO) field includes the Journal Name (JN), Date of Publication (DP), Volume (VO), Issue (IP), and Pagination (PG) for journal articles; Book Title (BT) for book chapters, Place of Publication (PP), Publisher (PB), Series Information (SE) and Date of Publication (DP) for books and book chapters; and Place of Publication (PP) and Publisher (PB) for serials. |
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| TA | Target Audience [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Target Audience (TA) field contains the target level for which a work is intended. Levels include Preschool, Primary, Elementary or junior high, Secondary or senior high, Adult, Specialized, General, and Juvenile. | |
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| TI | Title [Word Indexed] |
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The Title (TI) field contains the title of a journal article, book chapter, book or serial and also information from the Edition (ED) field if available. In records for book chapters, the Book Title (BT) field will display in the Source (SO) field. |
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| UP | Update Code [Word Indexed] |
The Update Code (UP) field contains the six-digit numeric code indicating the year (Y) and month (M) of the update in the format YYYYMM. Latest Revision (LR) by the producer also appears here in the format YYMMDD. |
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| VO | Volume [Word Indexed] |
| The Volume (VO) field contains the volume number or designation of a work. Volume information is displayed in the Source (SO) field. | |
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| YR | Year of Publication [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Year of Publication (YR) field contains the year in which a work is reported to be published. | |
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You can use special words and symbols to combine search terms and refine a search. For efficient searching, use the most appropriate operator from the list below to combine search terms. For more information on these and other searching techniques, including command line syntax searching, refer to the Ovid Gateway Help.
| Operator | Syntax | Search Example | Sample Results |
| OR | x or y | influenza or h5n1 | "H9N2 influenza A virus infection in chickens" |
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The OR operator retrieves records that contain any or all of the search terms. For example, the search vitamin c or ascorbic acid retrieves results that contain the terms vitamin c, ascorbic acid or both terms; results are all inclusive. You can use the OR operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field. | ||
| AND | x and y | influenza and h5n1 | "potentially pandemic H5N1 influenza virus" |
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The AND operator retrieves only those records that include all of the search terms. For example, the search learning and nutrition retrieves results that contain the term learning and the term nutrition together in the same record; results are exclusive of records that do not contain both of these terms. You can use the AND operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field. | ||
| NOT | x not y | influenza not h5n1 | "1999-2000 avian influenza epidemic" |
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The NOT operator retrieves records that contain the first search term and excludes the second search term. For example, the search education not primary retrieves only those records that contain the term education but excludes the term primary. In this way, you can use the NOT operator to restrict results to a specific topic. You can use the NOT operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field. |
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| Adjacency (ADJ) | x y | avian influenza | "Vaccination of chickens against H5N1 avian influenza" |
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The Adjacent operator (ADJ) retrieves records with search terms next to each other.You do not need to separate search terms manually by inserting ADJ between them, because when you separate terms with a space on the command line, Ovid automatically searches for the terms adjacent to one another. For example, the search *** is identical to the search *** adj *** . | ||
| Defined Adjacency (ADJn) | x ADJn y | influenza adj3 africa | "avian influenza A virus in wild waterfowl in South Africa" |
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The defined adjacency operator (ADJn) retrieves records that contain search terms within a specified number (n) of words from each other in any order. To use the adjacency operator, separate your search terms with ADJ and a number from 1 to 99. For example, the search patterning adj3 embryo retrieves records that contain the words patterning and embryo within three words of each other in either direction. This particular search retrieves records containing such phrases as "Cell and tissue patterning in plant embryo development." | ||
| Frequency (FREQ) | x.ab./FREQ=n | poultry.ab. /freq=3 | "total PCBs in poultry fat tissue was not influenced by the type of poultry" |
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The frequency operator (FREQ) lets you specify a threshold of occurrence of a term in the records retrieved from your search. Records containing your search term are retrieved only if the term occurs at least the specified (n) number of times. In general, records that contain many instances of your search term are more relevant than records that contain fewer instances. The frequency operator is particularly useful when searching a text field, such as Abstract or Full Text, for a common word or phrase. For instance, blood.ab./freq=5, will retrieve records containing the word "blood," at least five times in the Abstract (ab) field. | ||
| Unlimited Truncation ($) | x$ | rat$ | "interstitial fibrosis of rats induced by cisplatin" |
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Unlimited truncation retrieves all possible suffix variations of the root word indicated. To apply unlimited truncation to a term, type the root word or phrase followed by either of the truncation characters: $ (dollar sign) or : (colon). For example, in the truncated search rat$, Ovid retrieves the word rat as well as the words rats, and more. | ||
| Limited Truncation ($) | x$n | dog$1 | "Epilepsy afflicts 1% of humans and 5% of dogs" |
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Limited truncation specifies a maximum number of characters that may follow the root word or phrase. For example, the truncated search dog$1 retrieves results with the words dog and dogs; but it does not retrieve results with the word dogma. | ||
| Mandated Wildcard (#) | xx#y | wom#n | "women with a high dietary intake of persistent organochlorine compounds" |
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Searching with a mandated wildcard retrieves all possible variations of a word in which the wildcard is present in the specified place. You can use it at the end of a term to limit results to only those that contain the word plus the mandated character. For example, the search dog# retrieves results that contain the word dogs, but not those that contain the word dog, effectively limiting results to only those that contain the plural form of the word. The mandated wild card character (#) is also useful for retrieving specialized plural forms of a word. For example, the search wom#n retrieves results that contain both woman and women. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word. | ||
| Optional Wildcard (?) | xx?y | colo?r | "Feather Color in a Migratory Songbird" |
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The optional wild card character (?) can be used within or at the end of a search term to substitute for one or no characters. This wild card is useful for retrieving documents with British and American word variants since it specifies that you want retrieval whether or not the extra character is present. For example, the optional wild card search colo?r retrieves results that contain the words color or colour. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word. | ||
| Literal String ("") | "x / y" | "Heat / Cold Application" | "color analyses of hot and cold break tomato juices" |
| "n" | "3".vo | "Vadose zone journal VZJ. 2004 Aug. 3(3)" |
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Quotation marks can be used to retrieve records that contain literal strings, when the string includes special characters, such as a forward slash (/). Quotation marks can also be used to retrieve records that contain numbers that may otherwise be confused for earlier searches. In the example, a search for 3.vo would limit the string from your third search in your search history to the volume field. By including the number in quotation marks, the search will retrieve documents with a 3 in the volume number. |
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| At customer request, StopWords have been eliminated from this database. You can now search for words or phrases like is there hope.tw. Previously such searches would have returned an error because they included stopwords. |
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| The following Search Tools are available for this database. For specific information on using these tools, refer to the Ovid Gateway Help. |
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To change a search session to a segment of this database from another database or another segment, use the following syntax:
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<Sample 1> Accession Number CAT10570566. Author Lewis, Maryfrances. Byrd-Bredbenner, Carol. Bernstein, Joan. Title Children, get a headstart on the road to good nutrition : a nutrition education curriculum for preschool children in Head Start / [developed by Maryfrances Lewis, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, and Joan Bernstein. Source [Washington, D.C.?] : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Human Development Services, Administration for Children, Youth and Families, Head Start Bureau, 1986. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 29 cm. Note "May 1986" -- Prelim. Developed as part of Contract 05-85-1527 from the Head Start Bureau to Montclair State College, Upper Montclair, N.J. 07043. Includes bibliographical references. Abstract Abstract: A nutrition education curriculum for preschool children in Head Start, "Children, Get a Head Start on the Road to Good Nutrition," was designed to promote learning in three to five year olds with varying skills and abilities. The curriculum uses a multidisciplinary approach to nutrition by combining nutrition information with other subject matter areas (language arts, mathematics, physical development, food preparation, the arts, social studies, music). The curriculum is organized into nine units, titled 1) Food Makes Me Me, 2) Planning to Feed Me, 3) Clean Eating, 4) Variety Surrounds Me, 5) Food is Sens-ational, 6) Food Origins, 7) Body Building Basics, 8) Eating The Basic Ways, and 9) Special Occasion Foods. An introduction page in each unit identifies 1) the unit title, 2) student goals of the unit and a brief rationale for each, 3) a summary of background information and appropriate resource materials for the teacher, and 4) skills and knowledge children should be able to demonstrate after completing the unit. The first lesson in each unit introduces major unit concepts and provides a framework for the rest of the unit. Additional lessons reinforce and expand upon concepts presented in the first lesson, using a variety of teaching techniques (games, creative arts, food preparation, circle time activities. Lessons consist of the following components:; 1) name, 2) objectives, 3) required materials, 4) presentation directions, and 5) techniques for assessing children's learning. Special notes and recommendations are provided for planning and suspervising cooking experiences with Head Start children. References and source of nutrition education teaching aids are provided. |
<Sample 2> Accession Number IND43617103. Author Nono, Y.J. Reynes, M. Zakhia, N. Raoult-Wack, A.L. Giroux, F. Title Fine-tuning a combined process of dehydration-impregnation by immersion and drying of bananas (Musa acuminata group Cavendish). Original Title Mise au point d'un procede combine de deshydratation impregnation par immersion et sechage de bananes (Musa acuminata groupe Cavendish). Source Journal of food engineering. 2002 Dec. v. 55 (3) p. 231-236. Note Includes references Summary in English. Abstract Banana (Musa acuminata group Cavendish) treatment by the combined process of dewatering-impregnation soaking process (DISP) and drying was studied in the present work. Experiments were carried out in a laterally agitated vat. Bananas were cut into slices of 10 mm thickness before soaking and drying. A method of banana treatment was determined and consisted of soaking products in two successive sucrose baths with respective concentrations of 35degreesBrix and 70degreesBrix, acidified at 3.5 pH with ascorbic acid. The first bath, which contained 1% calcium chloride to ensure the firmness of the fruit, served also in blanching the fruit. This consisted of soaking the fruit in the solution initially heated at 85degreesC and leaving them to dehydrate while cooling slowly to room temperature over a period of 24 h. The mass ratio of fruit to solution for this bath was 1:6. Dehydration in the second bath at 70degreesBrix was conducted with a fruit to solution ratio of 1:4 and at room temperature, for economic reasons and for the quality of final product. This second treatment was doubly important: there was an increase in the sugar content of the fruit and further water loss maintaining the banana slice shape during the final drying. It also conferred on final product a good mouth-texture (the final product was softer), a pleasant sweet taste and spread the banana aroma more widely. Treatment in two successive baths led to a weight reduction of 60.2% and a solute gain of 2%. Bananas then underwent a moderate drying at 40degreesC for 72 h with an air relative humidity of less than 60%. The water content of the final product was 16.5% and its average water activity was 0.54 +/- 0.02 at 25degreesC. The final product had an attractive colour and did not show any brown pigmentation. Subject Heading bananas. air drying. soaking. dewatering. food processing. brix. sugar content. drying quality. sensory properties. moisture content. water activity. texture. color. Category Code Food Processing (Horticultural Crop Products) [Q105]. Food Composition And Quality (Horticultural Crop Products) [Q505]. Publication Type Journal Article. |
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| Compiled and distributed by the National Agriculture Library of the Department of Agriculture of the United States of America. It contains copyrighted material. All rights reserved. 2006. |
| Field Guide last updated July 10, 2006. |
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