Biological Abstracts/RRM ® (Reports, Reviews, Meetings) encompasses the entire field of life sciences and provides comprehensive coverage of the world’s published biological and biomedical research. This includes traditional areas of biology, such as botany, zoology and microbiology, as well as experimental, clinical and veterinary medicine, biotechnology, environmental studies, and agriculture. Interdisciplinary fields such as biochemistry, biophysics and bioengineering are also included. More that 6,500 serials are monitored for inclusion.

This database covers international meeting literature, reviews, technical reports, notes and letters, meeting reports (1989 to present), and U.S. patents (from 1995 to present).

The Biological Abstracts/RRM ® database includes the contents of Biological Abstracts/RRM® from 1989 to present and is updated six times a year.

Go: Table of Contents or Back

The following list is sorted alphabetical by field alias. Click a field name to see the description and search information.

Field Name	Label		Field Name	Label
Abstract	AB		Meeting Sponsor	SP
Accession Number	AN, UI		Methods & Equipment	MQ
All Searchable Fields	AF		Miscellaneous Descriptors	MI
Author/Editor/Inventor	AU		Organisms	OR
BIOSIS Uodate	BU		Original Language Book Title (non-English)	BO
Biosystematic Codes	BC		Original Title (non-English)	OT
Book Author/Editor	BE		Pagination	PG
Book Title (English)	BT		Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms	PS
Chemical Information	CI		Patent Assignee	PA
Chemicals & Biochemicals	CB		Patent Class	CL
Concept Codes	CC		Patent Country	PC
Country	CY		Patent Number	PN
Date Granted	DG		Publication Type	PT
Date of Publication	DP		Publisher Information	PI
Default Fields for Unqualified Searches	MP, KW		Record Owner	RO
Diseases	DS		Registry Numbers	RN
Gene Name	GN		Sequence Data	SQ
Geopolitical Locations	GE		Series ISBN	SB
Heading Words	HW		Series ISSN	SI
Institution	IN		Series Title	SE
ISBN	IB		Series Volume	SV
ISSN	IS		Source	SO
Issue	IP		Super Taxa	ST
Item URL	IU		Taxa Notes	TN
Journal Name	JN		Textword	TW
Journal URL	JL		Time	TM
Journal Words	JW		Title	TI
Languages	LG		Update Code	UP
Literature Type	LT		URL	UR
Local Messages	LM		Volume	VO
Major Concepts	MC		Year of Publication	YR
Meeting Information	MF

Go: Table of Contents or Back

The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable Biological Abstracts/RRM fields, and a description of the field.

Label	Name / Example
AB	Abstract [Word Indexed] idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.ab.
The Abstract (AB) field contains the abstract text as provided by the author of the source document. BIOSIS editors provide abstract text for book main citations, those which describe the book as a whole, and for meeting summary and main cite items, which describe the meeting as a whole.
Back
AF	All Searchable Fields [Display Only] drug abuse.af.
Use All Searchable Fields (AF) to search simultaneously in all fields in this list.
Back
AN, UI	Accession Number [Phrase Indexed] bmcd200400074095.an.
The Accession Number (AN) index contains a unique identifying number for each item. The Accession Number is composed of three elements: a product identification code (BMCD), product year (YYYY), and an item number (nnnnnnnn), as in BMCDYYYYnnnnnnnn.
Back
AU	Author/Editor/Inventor [Phrase Indexed] abraham william t.au.
The Author/Editor/Inventor (AU) index contains the authors name or organization responsible for the source document. The role and e-mail information for the authors are not present in the index but display in the record. The format for authors is last name followed by one or more initials: Smith James or Smith J. Enter the last name, or if it is a common name, enter the last name and first initial. If you are unsure of the spelling of the last name (macdonald or mcdonald), enter one version and then scroll through the list of names to find the other.
Back
BC	Biosystematic Codes [Phrase Indexed] 61200.bc. gastropoda.bc.
The Biosystematic Codes (BC) index contains the BIOSIS Biosystematic Code for an organism(s) and the corresponding organism classifier discussed in the source document. The Biosystematic Code will be presented in brackets ([]) followed by the organism classifier. The classifier may also be followed by new taxon, which identifies when new taxa are discussed in the source item. You can search Biosystematic Codes by name or code; you can also add "new taxon" to each (for example, muridae new taxon.bc. or 86375 new taxon.bc.). Click here for the complete list of changed Biosystematic Codes.
Back
BE	Book Author/Editor [Word Indexed] doi kunio .be.
The Book Author/Editor (BE) index contains the author's name or an individual organization responsible for the source book. The role of the author is not present in the index but displays in the record. Book Author/Editor coverage begins in 1993. The format for authors is last name followed by first name or initials: Smith James or Smith J. Enter the last name, or if it is a common name, enter the last name and first initial. If you are unsure of the spelling of the last name (macdonald or mcdonald) enter one version, then scroll through the list of names to find the other. This field displays in the Source (SO) field.
Back
BO	Original Language Book Title (non-English) [Phrase Indexed] antibiotiques.bo.
The Original Language Book Title (non-English) (BO) index contains the non-English title and subtitle of a book. This field does not appear if the source book was published in English or, in the case of titles published in multiple languages, the English language version is the one processed by BIOSIS. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
BT	Book Title (English) [Word Indexed] microbial interactions.bt.
The Book Title (English) (BT) index contains the English-language version of the book title and subtitle. Literalizations are substituted for special characters and symbols. If the Book Title is the result of a BIOSIS translation of a non-English title it appears in square brackets ([]). This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
BU	BIOSIS Update [Phrase Indexed] "20040304".bu.
The BIOSIS Update (BU) index contains the day the item was originally produced by BIOSIS. For items produced 1969 - 1997, BIOSIS Update contains only the year of production. For items produced from 1998 and later, BIOSIS Update contains the month day and year of production. This field displays as part of the Update Code (UP) field.
Back
CB	Chemicals & Biochemicals [Phrase Indexed] rab5 small gtpase.cb.
The Chemicals & Biochemicals (CB) field contains the name of a chemical or biochemical which is described in the source. Each Chemical/Biochemical name could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Chemical Variant CAS Registry Number Drug Modifiers Chemical Role Chemical Process Enzyme Commission number The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: p38 kinase: 165245-96-5, regulation you can search the phrase "p38 kinase.cb." or "p38 kinase regulation.cb." to ensure that the modifier "regulation" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search. The Chemical Role is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Chemical Role in the tool.
Back
CC	Concept Codes [Phrase Indexed] 14506.cc. 145.cc.
The Concept Codes (CC) index contains the five-digit numeric code as well as the code expansions used to represent BIOSIS indexing categories. You can search Concept Codes by either code or expansion, for example, Behavioral Biology Human behavior.cc. or 07004.cc. Note that concept code groups are routinely uploaded to the first three digits. Entering the first few letters of the full heading or the first few digits of the code in the index is a particularly effective way to search Concept Codes. Concept Codes are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Concept Codes in the tool.
Back
CI	Chemical Information [Search Alias]
The Chemical Information (CI) index contains Chemicals & Biochemicals (CB), Gene Name (GN), and Sequence Data (SQ). This is an alias index.
Back
CL	Patent Class [Phrase Indexed] 241-10176.cl.
The Patent Class (CL) index contains the class and subclass numbers of the United States Patent Classification Scheme that has been assigned to the source patent by the US Patent Office.
Back
CY	Country [Phrase Indexed] canada.cy.
The Country (CY) index contains the corresponding author's country taken from the postal address. In some cases abbreviations are used, for example: USA.
Back
DG	Date Granted [Phrase Indexed] "march 02 2004".dg.
The Date Granted (DG) index contains the date found on the cover of the issue of the Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office from which the source patent was taken. The month will be abbreviated for citations published before 2001.
Back
DP	Date of Publication [Display Only]
The Date of Publication (DP) field contains the issue year of the journal. Date of Publication is displayed as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
DS	Diseases [Phrase Indexed] multiple sclerosis.ds.
The Diseases (DS) index contains the name of a plant, animal, or human disease, disorder, or pathological condition as discussed in the source document. Each Disease could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Disease Variant Disease MeSH Term Disease Affiliation Disease Detail The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: focal epilepsy: (Epilepsy (MeSH)), nervous system disease, diagnosis You can search the phrase "focal epilepsy diagnosis.ds." to ensure that the modifier "diagnosis" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search. The Disease affiliations are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Disease Modifiers in the tool.
Back
GE	Geopolitical Locations [Phrase Indexed] ivory coast.ge.
The Geopolitical Locations (GE) index describes a location or place mentioned in the source document. Each Geopolitical Location could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Geographic Variant Geopolitical Terms Zoogeographical Region The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: Edmonton: Alberta, Canada, North America, Nearctic region you can search the phrase edmonton.ge. or edmonton canada.ge. to ensure that the modifier "canada" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search. The Geopolitical Terms and Zoogeographical Regions are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Geographic Classifiers in the tool.
Back
GN	Gene Name [Phrase Indexed] gene expression.gn.
The Gene Name (GN) index contains the name of a gene, gene family or loci as well as the organism classifier within square brackets ([]), as described in the source document. Each Gene Name could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Gene Name Variant Gene Detail The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: human ABO gene [Hominidae]: A-1 allele, A-2 allele, B allele, O-1 allele, O-2 allele you can search the phrase human ABO gene.gn. or human ABO gene hominidae A-1 allele.gn. to ensure that the modifier "A-1 allele" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search.
Back
HW	Heading Words [Word Indexed] gastropoda.hw. cardiovascular.hw.
Sometimes you may wish to retrieve every Subject field that includes a particular word or phrase. You may do this by searching the word or phrase word in the Heading Word (HW) field. Heading Word includes the fields: Chemicals & Biochemicals (CB) Concept Codes (CC) Diseases (DS) Geopolitical Locations (GE) Gene Name (GN) Major Concepts (MC) Miscellaneous Descriptors (MI) Methods & Equipment (MQ) Organisms (OR) Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms (PS) Registry Numbers (RN) Sequence Data (SQ) Super Taxa (ST) Time (TM) Taxa Notes (TN) Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the" will not be indexed. All valid terms in the tool are also included.
Back
IB	ISBN [Phrase Indexed] "0125583303".ib.
The ISBN (IB) index contains the International Standard Book Number that was assigned to the source book or book series by the publisher; it may also contain an indication of which edition of the book the ISBN was assigned to: hardcover, cloth, paperback, and so on.
Back
IN	Institution [Word Indexed] mcgill.in.
The Institution (IN) index contains the postal address of the corresponding author of the source document, identified by 'Reprint Author.' The Institution is in the language of the source document, and may include the following information: department name or corporate division, institution or organization name, street address, city, town, country, state or province, zip code or postal code, and country. Institution coverage begins in 1978. The information is taken from the source document and is not standardized. Enter the single most descriptive word in an institution (harvard, not university). Consider both full spellings and abbreviations.
Back
IP	Issue [Phrase Indexed] "2".ip.
The Issue (IP) index contains the number of the issue of a serial publication of the source item. Supplement information will also appear here when applicable. The IP field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
IS	ISSN [Phrase Indexed] "0022 202x".is.
The ISSN (IS) index contains the International Standard Serial Number assigned to the serial or series title of the source item. The ISSN is nine characters, two sets of numeric characters separated by a hyphen. The ISSN may be followed by an indicator of which edition it refers to, within parentheses.
Back
IU	Item URL [Word Indexed] "www.insectscience.org".iu. insectscience.iu.
The Item URL (IU) field contains the URL address for an item. The format is highly variable, but follows the Internet-common practice for URLs. .Item URL coverage begins in 1998.
Back
JL	Journal URL [Word Indexed] "www.bioscience.org".jl.
The Journal URL (JL) field contains the URL address from which a serial publication may be obtained. The format is highly variable, but follows the Internet-common practice for URLs.
Back
JN	Journal Name [Phrase Indexed] journal of virology.jn. journal of virol$.jn.
The Journal Name (JN) index contains the title of the serial publication of which the source item appears. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field. Stopwords such as "of" are included in the JN index, but when "the" is the first word of a journal, it is stripped.
Back
JW	Journal Words [Word Indexed] journal of phytopathology.jw. japanese journal of phytopathology.jw.
The Journal Word (JW) index contains individual words from every journal name. This field can be used to retrieve every occurrence of a journal which includes a particularly distinctive word or phrase, such as "forestry." "Archives of Internal Medicine.jw." will retrieve both the "Archives of Internal Medicine" and the "Japanese Archives of Internal Medicine." A single heavily posted word, such as "journal" will search slowly. Therefore, include such a word within a phrase from the title, when appropriate. For example, if you are looking for a title with "pharmaceutical journal," enter the phrase in one search statement rather than searching "journal" and then "pharmaceutical" and then combining the two. The JW index is not available on the Microsoft Windows NT platform. Stopwords such as "the" or "of" are not included.
Back
LG	Languages [Phrase Indexed] eng.lg.
The Languages (LG) field contains the language(s) of publication of an article. This field may contain up to 10 language names.
Back
LM	Local Messages [Display Only]
The Local Messages (LM) field contains messages created by your Ovid System administrator to indicate holdings information about journals held in your library or institution.
Back
LT	Literature Type [Phrase Indexed] editorial.lt.
The Literature Type (LT) index contains one of more terms which describe the type of content of the source document.
Back
MC	Major Concepts [Phrase Indexed] allied medical sciences.mc.
The Major Concepts (MC) index indicates the broad subject area discussed in the source item. Terms following the colon indicate the broader subject areas. The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: Allergy: Clinical Immunology, Human Medicine, Medical Sciences you can search the phrase allergy.mc. or allergy medical sciences.mc. to ensure that the modifier "medical sciences" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search. Major Concepts are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Major Concept Terms in the tool.
Back
MF	Meeting Information [Word Indexed] paris.mf.
The Meeting Information (MF) index contains the title, location, date or date range of a scientific meeting or conference described in the item or from which the item was taken.
Back
MI	Miscellaneous Descriptors [Word Indexed] abiotic stress.mi.
The Miscellaneous Descriptors (MI) field contains terms and phrases or names taken from the source document. Qualifiers may also be listed after the colon. These entries are not specific to any of the other index lists. Records from 1969 - 1992 contain all indexing terms in a single upper case entry.
Back
MP, KW	Default Fields for Unqualified Searches [Search Alias]
An MP search will be executed when mapping is turned off, as a default for unqualified searches. The fields included in the search are Book Title (BT), Book Original Title (BO), Abstract (AB), Biosystematic Codes (BC), Chemicals & Biochemical (CB), Concept Codes (CC), Diseases (DS), Geopolitical Locations (GE), Gene Name (GN), Major Concepts (MC), Methods & Equipment (MQ), Miscellaneous Descriptors (MI), Organisms (OR), Parts, Structures, & Systems of Organisms (PS), Sequence Data (SQ), Super Taxa (ST), Time (TM), Taxa Notes (TN), and Title (TI).
Back
MQ	Methods & Equipment [Word Indexed] Scanning electron microscopy.mq.
The Methods & Equipment (MQ) index contains terms describing a method, apparatus or scientific technique discussed in the source document. Each term could be followed by one of more of the following modifiers: Methods & Equipment Variant Equipment Type Methods & Equipment Supplier Methods & Equipment Role Methods & Equipment Detail The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: cryopreservation: preservation method, efficacy, clinical trial, preservation you can search the phrase "cryopreservation".mq. or "cryopreservation efficacy".mq. to ensure that the modifier "efficacy" refers to the term of interest. The geopolitical terms and zoogeographic regions are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Geographic Classifiers in the tool.
Back
OR	Organisms [Phrase Indexed] "balb/c mouse".or. rodentia.or.
The Organisms (OR) index contains the name of an organism as given by the author(s) of the source document. Each organism name could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Type of Name Organism Variant Organism Variant Type of Name Organism New Taxon Developmental Stage Organism Role Fossil Indicator Gender Organism Detail Organism Classifier The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: Sprague-Dawley rat: adult, male [Muridae] You can search the phrase "sprague-dawley rat.or." or "sprague-dawley rat male.or." to ensure that the modifier "male" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search. Organisms coverage begins in 1993. Taxonomic levels are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Type of Name, Organism New Taxon is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary New Taxon Modifiers, Developmental Stages are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Developmental Stage, Organism Role is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Organism Role, Fossil Indicator is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Fossil Modifiers and Gender is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Gender in the tool.
Back
OT	Original Title (non-English) [Display Only]
The Original Title (non-English) (OT) field contains the non-English title of an item (both main and subtitles), and is primarily used for books. This field is optional for all item types and will not appear if the source document was written in English. Literalizations are substituted for special characters and symbols. The title appears in upper and lower case with natural-language punctuation and ends with a period, question mark, parentheses, brackets, or exclamation point. The title may be transliterated and, therefore, may include one or more embedded double quotation marks. This occurs most often in Bulgarian transliterated titles.
Back
PA	Patent Assignee [Word Indexed] gainesville.pa.
The Patent Assignee (PA) field contains the name of the person or organization to whom the rights to the patent have been assigned. This field is optional for patents. The data appears in upper and lower case, and lists the name of the assignee, the assignee's city, and the assignee's country when available.
Back
PC	Patent Country [Word Indexed] usa.pc.
The Patent Country (PC) index contains the name of the country in which the patent was granted.
Back
PG	Pagination [Word Indexed] "1303".pg.
The Pagination (PG) index contains the total or inclusive pagination for the source document. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
PI	Publisher Information [Word Indexed] springer verlag.pi.
The Publisher Information (PI) index contains the name and address of the publisher who produced the source book. The information is not standardized. Enter the single most descriptive word in an institution (heart not association). Consider both full spellings and abbreviations. Publisher Information coverage begins in 1993.
Back
PN	Patent Number [Word Indexed] "6699992".pn.
The Patent Number (PN) index contains an abbreviation indicating the patent granting country followed by the patent number assigned by the granting agency.
Back
PS	Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms [Phrase Indexed] pelvic floor.ps.
The Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms (PS) field contains components of organisms above the macromolecular level as discussed in the source document. Each Part, Structure and System of Organisms could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms Variant Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms Organ System Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms Detail The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: gastrocnemius muscle: muscular system, ultrastructure You can search the phrase "gastrocnemius muscle.ps." or "gastrocnemius muscle ultrastructure.ps." to ensure that the modifier "ultrastructure" refers to the term of interest. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase (as above) to ensure the accuracy of your search. The Organ Systems are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Organ System Modifiers in the tool.
Back
PT	Publication Type [Phrase Indexed] meeting.pt.
The Publication Type (PT) index contains one or more terms used to describe the type of the source document.
Back
RN	Registry Numbers [Phrase Indexed] sulbactam.rn. (before 1993) 68373-14-8.rn.
The Registry Numbers (RN) index contains five-to-nine-digit CAS Registry Number's (R) and chemical names for the chemicals discussed in the source document. Beginning in 1993 the Registry Numbers will display with their main terms, either in the Chemicals and Biochemicals (CB) field or the Sequence Data (SQ) field.
Back
RO	Record Owner [Display Only]
The Record Owner (RO) field indicates the original producer of the item as well as the copyright holder.
Back
SB	Series ISBN (SB) [Display Only]
The Series ISBN (SB) field contains the International Standard Book Number that was assigned to the book series. Series ISBN coverage begins in 1980.
Back
SE	Series Title [Display Only]
The Serials Title (SE) contains the name of the series that the book or item was issued as part of. The Series Title is indexed under Title (TI) and displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
SI	Series ISSN [Display Only]
The Series ISSN (SI) field contains the International Standard Serial Number assigned to the series. The ISSN is nine characters, two sets of numeric characters separated by a hyphen.
Back
SO	Source journal of virology.so. 2 supplement.so. online.so. "1992".so.
The Source (SO) field includes a display of all the basic information needed to locate a citation, including the full Journal Name (JN), Book Title (BT) or Monograph Publisher, the Volume (VO), Issue (IP), Pagination (PG), Date of Publication (DP), Book Author/Editor (BE), Original Language Book Title (BO), and Year of Publication (YR). The Source field also displays the Series Title (SE) and Series Volume (SV) information.
Back
SP	Meeting Sponsor [Word Indexed] academy.sp.
The Meeting Sponsor (SP) index contains the name of an organization that supported or funded the scientific meeting.
Back
SQ	Sequence Data [Word Indexed] nucleotide sequence.sq.
The Sequence Data (SQ) index contains an accession number for a molecular sequence as assigned by a databank and as cited in the source document. Each Sequence Data number could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Molecular Sequence Database CAS Registry Number (R) Sequence Detail The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being index separately. You can search for individual terms or search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: AF006664: DDBJ, EMBL, GenBank, 194330-44-4, amino acid sequence, nucleotide sequence you can search the phrase "af006664".sq. or "af006664 amino acid sequence".sq. You can search the modifiers separately, or search a term and modifier as a phrase to ensure that the modifier "amino acid sequence" refers to the term of interest. Sequence Detail is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Sequence Type Modifiers in the tool.
Back
ST	Super Taxa [Phrase Indexed] pisces.st.
The Super Taxa (ST) index contains the organism classifier and corresponding BIOSIS Biosystematic Code followed by the high-level taxonomic terms. This permits retrieval of items that refer to broad categories of organisms, including microorganisms. Super Taxa are presented in order from lowest level taxa to highest. The Super Taxa is searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Super Taxa Terms in the tool.
Back
SV	Series Volume [Display Only]
The Series Volume (SV) field contains the volume number or other sequential designation of the source book. The Series Volume field is indexed under Volume (VO) and displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
TI	Title [Word Indexed] dna.ti. dna probe.ti.
The Title (TI) index contains the English-language title that is described within the citation. Literalizations are substituted for special characters and symbols, such as 'alpha' for Greek letter alpha and 'fwdarw' for a forward arrow. Stopwords such as "of" or "the" display in documents but do not appear in the TI index. However, the word "a," which is a stopword in other fields, CAN be searched in titles.
Back
TM	Time [Phrase Indexed] jurassic.tm. cambrian paleozoic.tm.
The Time (TM) index contains a geological time period or era mentioned in the source document. Each geological time period could be followed by one or more of the following modifiers: Geologic Time Classifier Geologic Time Detail The modifiers are individually added to the terms to create phrases, as well as being indexed separately. You can search for individual terms of search for terms and modifiers as phrases. For example if the source data is: Quaternary: Cenozoic you can search the phrase "quaternary".tm. or "quaternary cenozoic".tm. to ensure that the modifier "cenozoic" refers to the term of interest. The Geologic Time Classifiers are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Geologic Time Classifier in the tool.
Back
TN	Taxa Notes [Phrase Indexed] marsupials.tn. nonvascular plants.tn.
The Taxa Notes (TN) index contains the organism classifier followed by common names of broad groups of organisms and microorganisms discussed in the source document. The Taxa Notes are searchable by means of the Controlled Vocabulary Taxa Note Terms in the tool.
Back
TW	Textword [AB, HW, MI, MQ, SQ, TI] ultrastructure.tw.
The Textword (TW) index includes all of the fields in a database which contain text words and are appropriate for a subject search. The Textword index includes Abstract (AB), Heading Words (HW), Miscellaneous Descriptors (MI), Methods & Equipment (MQ), Sequence Data (SQ), and Title (TI).
Back
UR	URL [Word Indexed] pdf.ur.
The URL (UR) index contains all the electronic URL address present in the Journal URL (JL) and Item URL (IU) fields. The format is highly variable, but follows the Internet-common practice for URLs.
Back
UP	Update Code [Phrase Indexed] "200404".up.
The Update Code (UP) field contains a six-digit number indicating the year and week of the update. The format is YYYYWW, where WW indicates the week in which the document was added. For example, 200316 signifies the 16th week of 2003.
Back
VO	Volume [Phrase Indexed] "123".vo.
The Volume (VO) index contains the volume number or other sequential designation of the serial publication of the source item. This index also includes the Series Volume information. Volume is displayed as part of the Source (SO) field.
Back
YR	Year of Publication [Phrase Indexed] "2003".yr.
The Year of Publication (YR) index contains the publication year as it appears within the source document.
Back

Go: Table of Contents or Back

• English Language
• Article
• Review Articles
• Abstracts
• Book
• Meeting
• Human
• Microorganisms
• Plants
• Animals
• New Taxa
• Latest Update

Popular Command and Sentence Syntax Limits:

Abstracts
Command Syntax:		..l/1 ab=y
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to abstracts
Animals
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to animals
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to animal
Algae
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to algae
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to cryptophyta
Bacteria
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to bacteria
(Super Taxonomic Group)		limit 1 to cyanobacteria
Continent
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to asia
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to south america
Country
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to canada
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to burkina faso
Developmental Stage
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to blastula
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to immature
Disease
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to nutritional disease
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to metabolic disease
English Language
Command Syntax:		..l/1 en=y
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to english
Fungi
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to fungi
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to ascomycetes
Geopolitical Region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to antarctic region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to australasian region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to ethiopian region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to nearctic region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to neotropical region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to oriental region
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to palearctic region
Humans
Command Syntax:		..l/1 hu=y
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to humans
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to human
Invertebrates
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to invertebrates
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to insects
Language
Command Syntax:		..l/1 lg=fre
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to french
Latest Update
Command Syntax:		..l/1 up=y
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to latest update
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to update
Local Holdings
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to local holdings
Literature Types
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to obituary
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to protocol
Mammals
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to mammals
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to primates
Microorganisms
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to microorganisms
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to microorganism
New Taxa
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to new taxon
New Taxon Modifiers
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to species
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to subgenus
Nonvascular plants
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to nonvascular plants
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to fungi
Oceans and Bodies of Water
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to pacific ocean
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to mediterranean sea
Organ System
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to reproductive system
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to "dental and oral system"
Organism Role
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to fermentation agent
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to parasite
Plants
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to plants
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to plant
Protozoa
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to ciliata
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to cnidosporidea
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to flagellata
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to sarcodina
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to sporozoa
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to suctoria
Publication Type
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to meeting
Publication Year
Command Syntax:		..l/1 yr=2003
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to yr=2003
Sequence Data
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to amino acid sequence
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to nucleotide sequence
States, Provinces and Territories
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to alberta
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to texas
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to queensland
Type of Name
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to genus
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to variety
Vascular plants
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to vascular plants
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to dicots
Vertebrates
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to vertebrates
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to birds
Viruses
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to viruses
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to bacterial viruses
Sentence Syntax:		limit 1 to animal viruses

Go: Table of Contents or Back

Examples:

Sentence Syntax:   use biobr
Command Syntax:    ..c/biobr

<Sample 1>

Accession Number
     BMCD198936100000
Record Owner
     Copyright BIOSIS 2003.
Author/Editor/Inventor
     SCHMITZ L [Reprint author]; DEGROS E [Author].
Institution
     AVE NICOLAI, 49, BTE 36, B-4802 HEUSY.
Title
     CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF COMMON GULLS LARUS-CANUS WINTERING IN BELGIUM
Source
     Aves. 25(2). 1988. 117-130.
Publication Type
     Article.
ISSN
     0005-1993
Concept Codes
     [07504] Ecology: environmental biology - Bioclimatology and biometeorology
     [07508] Ecology: environmental biology - Animal
Language
     French
Major Concepts
     Climatology: Environmental Sciences; Ecology: Environmental Sciences
Biosystematic Codes
     [85518] Charadriiformes
Super Taxa
     [85518] Charadriiformes, Aves, Vertebrata, Chordata, Animalia
Taxa Notes
     Charadriiformes: Animals, Birds, Chordates, Nonhuman Vertebrates, 
     Vertebrates
Miscellaneous Descriptors
     POPULATION SIZE CLIMATOLOGY SEASONALITY
Year of Publication
     1988
Update Code
     198900. BIOSIS Update: 1989.

<Sample 2>
Accession Number
     BMCD200200132867
Record Owner
     Copyright BIOSIS 2003.
Author/Editor/Inventor
     Wang, Guanyu [Reprint author]; Chen, XiaoPing [Author].
Institution
     Department of Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of  
     ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Country
     China
Title
     The influence of spleen on cell cycle and expression of proliferating cell 
     nuclear antigen (PCNA), oncogene of v-sis, c-erbB-2 and insulin-like growth 
     factor I receptor of liver during diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced rat  
     hepatocarcinogenesis
Source 
     Proceedings American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting. 43  
     March, 2002. 860.
Publication Type 
     Meeting.
Literature Type 
     Meeting Abstract.
ISSN 
     0197-016X
Meeting Information 
     93rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, San 
     Francisco, California, USA; April 06-10, 2002.
Concept Codes 
     [00520] General biology - Symposia, transactions and proceedings 
     [02506] Cytology - Animal 
     [10064] Biochemistry studies - Proteins, peptides and amino acids 
     [14004] Digestive system - Physiology and biochemistry 
     [15002] Blood - Blood and lymph studies 
     [15004] Blood - Blood cell studies 
     [24003] Neoplasms - Immunology 
     [24004] Neoplasms - Pathology, clinical aspects and systemic effects 
     [24007] Neoplasms - Carcinogens and carcinogenesis 
     [34502] Immunology - General and methods 
     [34508] Immunology - Immunopathology, tissue immunology
Language 
     English
Major Concepts 
     Digestive System: Ingestion and Assimilation; Tumor Biology
Biosystematic Codes 
     [86375] Muridae
Super Taxa 
     [86375] Muridae, Rodentia, Mammalia, Vertebrata, Chordata, Animalia
Taxa Notes 
     Muridae: Animals, Chordates, Mammals, Nonhuman Vertebrates, Nonhuman  
     Mammals, Rodents, Vertebrates
Organisms 
     rat [Muridae]
Parts, Structures & Systems of Organisms 
     hepatocyte: digestive system; liver: digestive system; spleen: blood and 
     lymphatics, immune system
Chemicals & Biochemicals 
     c-erbB-2; diethylnitrosamine: DENA, 55-18-5, carcinogen; insulin-like  
     growth factor I receptor; proliferating cell nuclear antigen: PCNA,  
     expression; v-sis
Miscellaneous Descriptors 
     cell cycle; hepatocarcinogenesis; Meeting Abstract
Year of Publication 
     2002
Update Code 
     200200. BIOSIS Update: 20020724.

This database is copyrighted by Biological Abstracts/RRM Inc.(BIOSIS). All rights reserved. No part of this information may be reproduced in hard copy, machine-readable or other form without advance written permission from BIOSIS. Information has been obtained by BIOSIS from public sources believed to be reliable. BIOSIS makes a diligent effort to provide complete and accurate representation of the bioscientific and other literature in its publications and services. However BIOSIS does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information and BIOSIS makes no warranties or representations of any kind, express or implied including but not limited to warranties of merchantability or fitness for particular purpose. BIOSIS disclaims all liability for errors or omissions that may exist and shall not be liable for any incidental, consequential or other damages (whether resulting from negligence or otherwise) including, without limitation, exemplary damages or lost profits arising out of or in connection with the use of this database. Errors or omissions may be reported to Biological Abstracts/RRM Inc., Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Suite 700, Philadelphia, PA 19103-7095.

Field Guide Updated 27 May, 2004

Go: Table of Contents or Back