Table of Contents:
Scope | General Information |
Searching the Fields | Advanced
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Stopwords | Limits |
Tools | Changing to this Database from Another Database
Sample Documents | Copyright Information
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A global biology database from Elsevier, EMBiology complements and extends EMBASE coverage in the basic biological sciences. Coverage extends from Biochemistry, Microbiology and Genetics through Biotechnology, Cell & Developmental Biology and Toxicology, to Plant Science, Agriculture & Food Science, Animal & Veterinary Science, and Ecology & Environmental Science.
EMBiology Quick Facts:
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| Producer | |||
Elsevier B.V. |
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Years of Coverage |
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| 1980 to the present | |||
Segments |
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| embo1 (1980-1989) embo2 (1990-1994) embo3 (1995-2001) embo4 (2002-Present) |
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| The limit of databases that you can select for a multifile search session is based upon database segments rather than actual databases. The Ovid multifile segment limit is set at 120 to avoid impacting your search sessions. This database includes 4 segments. | |||
Default Fields for Unqualified Searches |
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| Abstract (AB) | Original Title (OT) | Title (TI) | |
| Organism Terms (OR) | Subject Heading (SH) | ||
All Display/Print Fields |
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| Abstract (AB) | Enzyme Commission Number (EZ) | Number of References (RF) | |
| Accession Number (AN) | Institution (IN) | Source (SO) | |
| Article Number (AR) | ISSN (IS) | Subject Heading (SH) | |
| Author (AU) | Language (LG) | Summary Language (SL) | |
| CAS Registry Number (RN) | Molecular Sequence Number (MS) | Title (TI) | |
| Country of Publication (CP) | Organism Term (OR) | URL (UR) | |
| Electronic ISSN (EI) | Original Title (OT) | Year of Publication (YR) | |
| Entry Week (EM) | Publication Type (PT) | ||
Default Display/Print Fields |
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| Abstract (AB) | Institution (IN) | Title (TI) | |
| Accession Number (AN) | Source (SO) | ||
| Author (AU) | Subject Heading (SH) | ||
Elements of the Source (SO) Field |
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| Article Number (AR) | Journal Name (JN) | Year of Publication (YR) | |
| Date of Publication (DP) | Page (PG) | ||
| Issue Part (IP) | Volume (VO) | ||
Update Frequency |
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| Weekly | |||
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The following list is sorted alphabetical by field alias. Click a field name to see the description and search information.
| Field Name | Label | Field Name | Label | |
| Abstract | AB | Journal Word | JW | |
| Accession Number | AN | Language | LG | |
| Article Number | AR | Molecular Sequence Number | MS | |
| Author | AU | Number of References | RF | |
| CAS Registry Number | RN | Organism Terms | OR | |
| Country of Publication | CP | Original Title | OT | |
| Date of Publication | DP | Page | PG | |
| Electronic ISSN | EI | Publication Type | PT | |
| Entry Week | EM | Source | SO | |
| Enzyme Commission Numbers | EZ | Subject Heading | SH | |
| Heading Word | HW | Summary Language | SL | |
| Institution | IN | Title | TI | |
| ISSN | IS | URL | UR | |
| Issue Part | IP | Volume | VO | |
| Journal Name | JN | Year of Publication | YR |
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The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable EMBiology fields, and a description of the field.
| Label | Name / Example |
| AB | Abstract [Word Indexed] ventricular assist devices.ab. |
EMBiology includes author-written abstracts when they are available. Approximat ely 70% of the citations in EMBiology include abstracts. Individual words are indexed in the abstracts field. Enter a single word or phrase to be searched in the abstracts. Stopwords such as "a" or "the" are not searchable in the Abstracts field. |
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| AN | Accession Number [Phrase Indexed] "2005115090".an. |
| The Accession Number (AN) field contains an ten-digit number assigned in EMBiology to uniquely identify a particular record. | |
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| AR | Article Number w06020.ar. |
| The Article Number (AR) is used in place of page numbers for electronic documents; it may also be used in addition to page numbers for printed documents. This field, when present, is displayed as part of the Source (SO)field. | |
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| AU | Author [Phrase Indexed] Gehrels N.au. |
The Author (AU) field contains up to 100 authors. The format for authors is last name followed by one or more initials: Smith JC or Smith J. If a single initial could not be transliterated with one letter, two or more letters may be used. Occasionally a name will include the full first name. If there are more than 100 authors then only 99 are listed, followed by the indication "et al." Enter the last name, or if it is a common name, enter the last name and first initial. If you are unsure of the spelling of the last name (macdonald or mcdonald), enter one version and then scroll through the list of names to find the other. |
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| CP | Country of Publication [Phrase Indexed] usa.cp. |
| The Country of Publication (CP) field contains the full name of the country in which a journal was published. The country name is entered into the index as a phrase. | |
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| DP | Date of Publication 31 oct 2004.dp. |
The date (DP) field consists of the date of publication for a citation. This field is displayed as part of the Source (SO) field. It is searchable in the format DD MMM YYYY. Example: 23 FEB 2002 |
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| EI | Electronic ISSN "1743 8934".ei. |
The Electronic ISSN (EI) field contains the electronic International Standard Serial Number (eISSN) for the journal in which the article was published. Each journal may have an ISSN, an eISSN, or both. However when there is only an eISSN available it is searchable in the ISSN index and displays in t he Electronic ISSN (EI) field. Like the ISSN, it appears as an 8-digit number, separated by a hyphen: 1029-0362. |
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| EM | Entry Week [Phrase Indexed] "200521".em. |
| The Entry Week (EM) field contains the date (year and week) in which a document was added to EMBiology. | |
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| EZ | Enzyme Commission Numbers [Phrase Indexed] "3 4 24 14".ez. |
The Enzyme Commission Number (EZ) field contains the enzyme name linked to an Enzyme Commission number for that enzyme. The Enzyme Commission Number is generated from enzyme names listed in EMTREE, Elsevier's Life Science thesaurus. Note that only the Enzyme Number is searchable. It can be searched as “3 4 24 14”.ez. |
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| HW | Heading Word [Word Indexed] rabbit.hw. |
| Sometimes you may wish to retrieve every Subject Heading that includes a particular word (which may be derived from either EMTREE or the Organism Thesaurus). This is done by searching single words in the Heading Word (HW) field. | |
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| IN | Institution [Word Indexed] harvard.in. |
The Institution (IN) field contains the primary author's affiliation, which is usually the source for a reprint of the article. This information is not standardized and often contains abbreviations. Enter the single most descriptive word in an institution (harvard, not university). Consider both full spellings and abbreviations. |
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| IP | Issue Part [Word Indexed] |
| The Issue Part field (IP) contains the Issue and/or part for aparticular volume of a journal. The IP field displays as part of the Source (SO) field. | |
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| IS | ISSN [Phrase Indexed] "1210 5759".is. |
The ISSN (IS) field contains the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) for the journal in which an article was published. Each journal may have an ISSN, an eISSN, or both. However when there is only an eISSN available it is searchable in the ISSN index and displays in the Electronic ISSN (EI) field. It appears as an 8-digit number, separated by a hyphen: 0028-4793. |
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| JN | Journal Name [Phrase Indexed] abb review.jn. |
The Journal Name (JN) field contains the full name of the journal in which an article was published. Journal names are indexed as phrases; enter enough letters of the journal name to locate the name in the index, e.g. "new engl" (for New England Journal of Medicine). Stopwords such as "of" ARE included in the JN index, but when "the" is the first word of a journal, it has been stripped. |
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| JW | Journal Word [Word Indexed] biochemistry.jw. |
The Journal Word (JW) field contains field contains individual words from every journal name in EMBiology. Stopwords such as "the" or "of" are not included. This field is used to retrieve every occurrence of a journal which includes a particular word, such as "pharmacology." |
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| LG | Language [Phrase Indexed] french.lg. fre.lg. |
The Language (LG) field contains the language(s) of publication of an article. The language name will appear in the index as a 3-letter code (such as fre for french). The codes are usually, but not always, the first three letters of the language name. The full language also appears in the index. The language index is quickly scrollable to determine all languages which appear in EMBiology. |
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| MS | Molecular Sequence Number [Word Indexed] genbank.ms. a.ms. |
The Molecular Sequence Number (MS) field contains an acronym for a source of molecular sequence data (e.g. Genbank) and a sequence accession number documented by the source. Each acronym is preceded by a weighting of A or B in parentheses (which is also searchable). The weighting of A is assigned to the sequence numbers whose submission to a molecular sequence database is announced in the document indexed. The weighting of B is assigned to sequence numbers which are referred to, but not submitted by the document. |
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| OR | Organism Terms [Phrase Indexed] “rattus norvegicus”.or. |
The Organism Term (OR) field contains Thesaurus terms for the organisms mentioned in an article. Organism Terms are indexed as phrases and should be searched as they appear in the combined thesaurus tree together with EMTREE. Organism Terms in this tree are presented in a new facet T, which replaces EMTREE facet B. |
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| OT | Original Title [Word Indexed] heure.ot. |
The Original Title (OT) field contains all non-English titles in the original language. If the original title was in a non-Roman alphabet, then the OT is transliterated. Omit common articles when searching a foreign language: heure not l'heure. |
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| PG | Page [Phrase Indexed] "17".pg. |
The Page (PG) field consists of the inclusive pagination of a journal article. This field is displayed as part of the Source (SO) field. The first page on which an article appears is indexed in the Page (PG) field. Often a journal title combined with the beginning page number is enough to locate a citation. |
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| PT | Publication Type [Phrase Indexed] |
The Publication Type (PT) field identifies the source type (Journal or Trade Journal) and document type of the item. The document type is one of the following:
Note: Other source or document types may (exceptionally) be indexed, such as
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| RF | Number of References [Phrase Indexed] "27".rf. |
| The Number of References (RF) field contains the number of references that appear at the end of the document. | |
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| RN | CAS Registry Number [Phrase Indexed] "50 02 2".rn. |
The CAS Registry Number (RN) field contains the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry name linked to the Chemical Abstracts Service number for a compound men tioned in an article. The CAS Registry Number is generated from drug and chemica l names listed in EMTREE, Elsevier's Life Science Thesaurus. Note that only the CAS Registry Number is searchable. It can be searched as “50 0 7 0”.rn. |
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| SH | Subject Heading [Phrase Indexed] goat disease.sh. |
The Subject Heading (SH) field displays the Thesaurus terms that are used to describe the content of an article. Thesaurus terms are derived both from EMTREE and from Elsevier's Organism Thesaurus, which are merged into a combined hierarchy, or "tree" structure (the Organism Thesaurus is presented in a new facet T of the combined tree, which replaces EMTREE facet B). Thesaurus terms (including "Associated Terms" which are Thesaurus terms at the lowest level) are indexed as phrases and should be searched as they appear in the tree display (individual words can be searched in the Heading Word (HW) field). For search purposes, all terms of the combined thesaurus are searchable (and can be browsed) in the SH field. However, in the record display only EMTREE terms are displayed in the SH field; organism terms are separately displayed (and indexed) in the Organism Term (OR) field. |
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| SL | Summary Language [Phrase Indexed] spanish.sl. fre.sl. |
| The Summary Language (SL) field contains the language or languages in which the abstract is written. The summary language name will appear in the index as a 3- letter code (such as fre for french) or the actual summary language. The codes are usually, but not always, the first three letters of the summary language name. | |
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| SO | Source biochemical genetics.so. |
| The Source (SO) field includes a display of all the basic information needed to locate a record, including the full Article Number (AR), Date of Publication (DP), Issue Part (IP), Journal Name (JN), Page (PG), Volume (VO) and Year of Publication (YR). | |
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| TI | Title [Word Indexed] abiotic.ti. |
The Title (TI) field contains the English language version of a title. For documents which were not written in English, the original or transliterated title appears in a separate field, Original Title (OT). Stopwords such as "of" or "the" will display in documents but do not appear in the Title index. However, the word "a", which is a stopword in other fields, CAN be searched in titles. |
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| UR | URL [Word Indexed] academicjournals.ur. |
| The URL (UR) field will contain the URL information for internet only journals. | |
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| VO | Volume [Word Indexed] "127".vo. |
The Volume (VO) field consists of the volume of a serial publication. This field is displayed as part of the Source (SO) field. |
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| YR | Year of Publication [Phrase Indexed] "2004".yr. |
The Year (YR) field contains the year in which an article or monograph was published. The full year appears in the document and can be searched using a single 4-digit number. This field, when present, is displayed as part of the Source (SO) field. |
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You can use special words and symbols to combine search terms and refine a search. For efficient searching, use the most appropriate operator from the list below to combine search terms. For more information on these and other searching techniques, including command line syntax searching, refer to the Ovid Gateway Help.
| Operator | Syntax | Example | Results |
| OR | OR | vitamin c or ascorbic acid | Retrieves records that contain either term or both terms. |
| AND | AND | anticancer and vitamin K | Retrieves records that contain both terms. |
| NOT | NOT | blastula not embryo | Retrieves records that contain the first term but not the second term. |
| ADJ | ADJ | blastula adj embryo | Retrieves records that contain both terms, in order, and adjacent in the same sentence. |
| ADJn | patterning adj3 embryo | Retrieves records that contain both terms, in either order, with n number of words between. The exampl
e will retrieve records containing the phrase, "Early patterning of the mouse embryo". |
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| FREQ | x.fd./FREQ=n | blood.ab./freq=5 | Retrieves records that contain n occurrences of the term in the specified field. The example will retrieve records containing the word "blood," at least five times in the Abstract (ab) field. |
| $ | x$ | rat$ | The limited truncation symbol, $, retrieves records that contain the search term and all possible suffix variations of a root word. The example will retrieve records containing words such as rat, rats, rate, rationalize, ratify, etc. |
| x$n | dog$1 | The unlimited truncation symbol, $n, Retrieves records that contain the search term and all possible suffix variations of a root word with the maximum number of characters that may follow the root word or phrase, specified by n. The example will retrieve records containing words such as dog and dogs, but not dogma. | |
| # | # | wom#n | The mandated wildcard symbol, #, retrieves records that contain the search term with substituted character(s) in the specified locations. The example will retrieve records containing woman and women. |
| ? | ? | colo?r | The optional wildcard symbol, ?, retrieves records that contain the search term with either no characters substituted, or with substituted character(s) in the specified locations. The example will retrieve records containing color and colour. |
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Words of little intrinsic meaning that occur too frequently to be useful in searching text are known as stopwords. You cannot search for the following stopwords by themselves, but you can include them within phrases by placing the entire phrase within quotation marks.
| a | by | having | neither | seem | those |
| about | can | how | no | seen | through |
| after | could | however | nor | several | thus |
| again | did | if | not | should | to |
| all | do | in | obtain | show | under |
| almost | does | into | obtained | showed | up |
| also | done | is | of | shown | upon |
| although | during | it | often | shows | use |
| always | each | its | on | significant | used |
| among | either | itself | only | significantly | using |
| an | enough | just | or | since | various |
| and | especially | kg | other | so | very |
| another | etc | km | our | some | was |
| any | followed | largely | out | such | we |
| approximately | following | like | overall | suggest | were |
| are | for | made | per | than | what |
| as | found | mainly | perhaps | that | when |
| at | from | make | possible | the | whereas |
| be | further | may | previously | their | which |
| because | give | might | quite | theirs | while |
| been | given | min | rather | them | with |
| before | giving | mm | really | then | within |
| being | had | most | regarding | there | would |
| between | hardly | mostly | resulted | these | |
| both | has | must | resulting | they | |
| but | have | nearly | same | this |
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The following limits are available from the Limit menu on the Main Search Page.
| Abstracts | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to abstracts |
| Animal | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to animal |
| English Language | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to english |
| Command Syntax: | ..l/1 lg=english |
| Full Text | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to full text |
| Fungus | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to fungus |
| Human | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to human |
| Latest Update | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to latest update |
| Plant | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to plant |
| Prokaryote | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to prokaryote |
| Protist | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to protist |
| Publication Year | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to yr=2005 |
| Command Syntax: | ..l/1 yr=2004 |
| Virus | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to virus |
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The following tools are available for EMBiology. For specific information on using these tools, refer to the Ovid Gateway Help.
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| Command Syntax: | ..c/embo |
| Sentence Syntax: | use embo |
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<Sample 1> Accession Number 2005169267 Authors Wang P. Heitman J. Institution P. Wang, The Research Institute for Children, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70118; United States. E-Mail: pwang@lsuhsc.edu. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title The cyclophilins.
Source Genome Biology. Vol. 6(7), 2005. Article Number: 226. Subject Headings protein family protein localization enzyme activity prokaryote eukaryote drug targeting genetic transcription cell function signal transduction review *cyclophilin fk 506 binding protein cyclophilin A cyclosporin A calcineurin cytokine chaperone immunophilin parvulin unclassified drug Organism Term cellular organisms Prokaryota Eukaryota Arabidopsis Saccharomyces Mammalia Abstract Cyclophilins (Enzyme Commission (EC) number 5.1.2.8) belong to a group of proteins that have peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity; such proteins are collectively known as immunophilins and also include the FK-506-binding proteins and the parvulins. Cyclophilins are found in all cells of all organisms studied, in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes; humans have a total of 16 cyclophilin proteins, Arabidopsis up to 29 and Saccharomyces 8. The first member of the cyclophilins to be identified in mammals, cyclophilin A, is the major cellular target for, and thus mediates the actions of, the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. Cyclophilin A forms a ternary complex with cyclosporin A and the calcium-calmodulin-activated serine/threonine- specific protein phosphatase calcineurin; formation of this complex prevents calcineurin from regulating cytokine gene transcription. Recent studies have implicated a diverse array of additional cellular functions for cyclophilins, including roles as chaperones and in cell signaling. copyright 2005 BioMed Central Ltd. Number of References 72 CAS Registry Numbers 126043-36-5 (cyclophilin). 59865-13-3, 63798-73-2 (cyclosporin A). 137951-12-3 calcineurin). Enzyme Commission Numbers 5.2.1.8(cyclophilin). ISSN 1465-6906 Language English Summary Language English Publication Type Journal: Review Entry Week 200530 *COPYRIGHT ELSEVIER B.V. 2005 - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED* <Sample 2> Accession Number 2005166574 Authors Poubom CFN. Awah ET. Tchuanyo M. Tengoua F. Institution E.T. Awah, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, P.M.B. 25, Ekona, Buea; Cameroon. E-Mail: etawah2001@yahoo.com. Country of Publication United Kingdom Title Farmers' perceptions of cassava pests and indigenous control methods in Cameroon. Source International Journal of Pest Management. Vol. 51(2)(pp 157-164), 2005. Subject Headings *cassava *perception *agricultural worker *plague *Cameroon vertebrate grasshopper arthropod root rot weed education anthracnose mosaicism harvesting maturity mite Tetranychidae bacterial blight fallow intoxication forest Acari Organism Term Manihot esculenta Vertebrata Arthropoda Acari Tetranychidae Mononychellus progresivus Mononychellus tanajoa Stictococcus vayssierei Hemiptera Stictococcidae Abstract A survey of farmers' views on cassava pests was conducted in 61 locations in four cassava-producing agro-ecological zones in Cameroon. Farmers in all zones considered vertebrates, grasshoppers and cassava root rot as their most important pest and disease constraints. Weeds, although cited in all zones, received relatively low ratings. Damage caused by the cassava green mite (CGM) [Mononychellus tanajoa Bondar (Acari: Tetranychidae)], was recognized but its cause was unknown. The cassava root scale [(Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Homoptera: Stictococcidae)] was important only in the semi-humid forest zone. Farmers control pests using cultural methods including trapping, scaring, poisoning and burning for vertebrates, hand picking for grasshoppers, and burning, hand weeding and long fallows for weeds. In most cases, root rot occurred after cassava reached maturity, and farmers recognized the importance of timely harvesting to control crop losses. Cassava diseases such as cassava mosaic disease(CMD), cassava anthracnose disease (CAD), and cassava bacterial blight (CBB), although recognized, were not considered as serious constraints. However, entomologists and the other researchers found CGM to be the most important arthropod pest overall, causing serious damage to cassava. Damage due to vertebrates was also found but not to the extent that farmers reported. It was apparent that farmers considered highly visible pests such as vertebrates and grasshoppers more important than less visible ones such as CGM. The need to educate farmers about small arthropod pests and their damage/importance was clear. Therefore IPM programmes aimed at cassava pests should involve consideration both of the importance farmers attach to each pest and of the education farmers receive concerning the prevailing pest situation. copyright 2005 Taylor & Francis Group Ltd. Number of References 20 ISSN 0967-0874 Electronic ISSN 1366-5863 Language English Summary Language English Publication Type Journal: Article Entry Week 200530 *COPYRIGHT ELSEVIER B.V. 2005 - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED* <Sample 3> Accession Number 2005177087 Authors Israelsson O. Budd GE. Institution O. Israelsson, Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 16, 752 36 Uppsala; Sweden. E-Mail: olle.israelsson@evolmuseum.uu.se. Country of Publication Germany Title Eggs and embryos in Xenoturbella (phylum uncertain) are not ingested prey. Source Development Genes & Evolution. Vol. 215(7)(pp 358-363), 2005. Subject Headings *embryo development egg embryonal tissue polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization ultrastructure staining in vivo study DNA replication gene replication immunohistochemistry prey animal embryo nonhuman controlled study animal tissue embryo article nucleotide sequence priority journal broxuridine Organism Term Xenoturbella Animalia Nucula Abstract Xenoturbella is an enigmatic animal that has puzzled science for almost a century. The eggs and embryos found in Xenoturbella have recently been interpreted as ingested prey. However, PCR on individual eggs as well as in situ hybridisation and in situ PCR unambiguously show that they are Xenoturbella's own. The eggs and embryos are individually enclosed within follicles with the same ultrastructure. The cortical granules in oocytes and eggs from Xenoturbella but not Nucula stained positively with an antiserum against Reissner's substance. The embryos incorporated 5-bromodeoxyuridine in vivo, i.e. they replicate their genome and re living. copyright Springer-Verlag 2005. Number of References 14 CAS Registry Numbers 59-14-3 (broxuridine). ISSN 0949-944X Language English Summary Language English Publication Type Journal: Article Entry Week 200531 Molecular Sequence Number (B)GENBANK: AY461792, (B)GENBANK: AY461793, (B)GENBANK: AY461794, (B)GENBANK: AY461795, (B)GENBANK: AY461796, (B)GENBANK: AY461797, (B)GENBANK: AY461798 *COPYRIGHT ELSEVIER B.V. 2005 - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED*
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COPYRIGHT ELSEVIER B.V. 2005 - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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Field Guide Revised September 20, 2005
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