Health and Psychosocial Instruments provides ready access to information on measurement instruments (i.e., questionnaires, interview schedules, checklists, index measures, coding schemes/ manuals, rating scales, projective techniques, vignettes/scenarios, tests) in the health fields, psychosocial sciences, organizational behavior, and library and information science. HAPI assists researchers, practitioners, educators, administrators, and evaluators, including students, to identify measures needed for research studies, grant proposals, client/patient assessment, class papers/projects, theses/dissertations, and program evaluation. By creating an organized resource of previously unavailable measurement information, HAPI: (a) provides a means of locating a variety of instruments, (b) helps to reduce inefficiency and cost, and (c) eliminates duplication and "reinvention of the wheel."
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| Producer | |||
Behavioral Measurement Database Services |
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Years of Coverage |
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| 1985 to date, with many earlier measures | |||
Default Fields for Unqualified Searches |
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| Abstract (AB) | Descriptors (DE) | Title (TI) | |
All Display/Print Fields |
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| Abstract (AB) | Number of Questions (NQ) | Subscale Titles (ST) | |
| Accession Number (AN) | References (RF) | Title (TI) | |
| Analyst (AT) | Reliability (RY) | Update Code (UP) | |
| Author (AU) | Source (SO) | Validity (VA) | |
| Descriptors (DE) | Source Code (SC) | Year (YR) | |
Default Display/Print Fields |
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| Accession Number (AN) | Source (SO) | Title (TI) | |
| Author (AU) | Source Code (SC) | Update Code (UP) | |
| Descriptors (DE) | Subscale Titles (ST) | Year (YR) | |
Update Frequency |
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| Quarterly | |||
The following list is sorted alphabetical by field alias. Click a fieldname to see the description and search information.
| Field Name | Label | Field Name | Label | |
| Abstract | AB | Reliability | RY | |
| Accession Number | AN | Source | SO | |
| Acronym | AC | Source Code | SC | |
| Analyst | AT | Subscale Titles | ST | |
| Author | AU | Title | TI | |
| Descriptors | DE | Update Code | UP | |
| Number of Questions | NQ | Validity | VA | |
| References | RF | Year | YR |
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The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable DatabaseName fields, and a description of the field.
| Label | Name / Example |
| AB | Abstract [Word Indexed] violence.ab. self report.ab. |
| The Abstracts (AB) field contains information specifically targeted to be of use with various forms of literature. | |
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| AC | Acronym [Word
Indexed] |
| The Acronym (AC) field indicates the common acronym for the measurement instrument described in the article. | |
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| AN | Accession Number [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Accession Number (AN) field appears in every HAPI record, and uniquely identifies the record. You can retrieve any specific record in the database with its accession number. | |
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| AT | Analyst [Word Indexed] |
| The Analyst (AT) field contains the names(s) of the individuals
responsible for analyzing the instrument. It may also include an
address and organization. Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the", are not indexed. |
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| AU | Author [Word and Phrase Indexed] |
| The Author (AU) field contains the names of individual persons
responsible for creation of the work represented by the record. If all authors
are not included, the last name listed is followed by "et al."
The author names are entered into the index as they appeared in the original document, in the format of last name followed by first and middle names or up to two initials. Thus, a person named "James C. Smith" may appear as "Smith James C," "Smith J. Charles," "Smith J C" or "Smith J." Enter the last name, or if it is a common name, enter the last name, a space, and the first initial. If you are unsure of the spelling of the last name, enter one version and you will be able to scroll through the list of names to find other versions. |
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| DE | Descriptors [Word and Phrase Indexed] |
| The Descriptors (DE) field
contains controlled vocabulary terms or subject headings from the Thesaurus
of Psychological Index Terms
as well as the National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
Descriptors enable you to locate documents by assigned controlled vocabulary
and are independent of the occurrence of specific words in any field. For
example, the search arthritis.de. retrieves all documents about arthritis,
although they might not specifically mention the word "arthritis."
As an alternative to searching with the field label (DE), you can browse and search for them directly from the index. Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the", are not indexed. |
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| NQ | Number of Questions [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Number of Questions (NQ) field specifies how many questions
or items are included on the testing instrument. Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the", are not indexed. |
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| RF | References [Word Indexed] |
| The References (RF) field denotes whether or not an article contains references. | |
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| RY | Reliability [Word Indexed] |
The Reliability (RY) field indicates whether the original document includes information regarding four indicators of instrument dependability:
Each indicator is listed and is followed by a value of "Y" for reported or "X" for not reported. The field displays in the record only if data is available. Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the," are not indexed. |
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| SC | Source Code [Word Indexed] |
The Source Code (SC) contains the kind of source in which the document was published. Source codes and their meanings include:
Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the", are not indexed. |
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| SO | Source [Word Indexed] |
| The Source (SO) field includes a display of all the basic information needed to locate a citation, including the Journal Name, the vol/issue, pagination and year of publication. | |
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| ST | Subscale Titles [Word Indexed] |
| The Subscale Titles (ST) field contains
the name(s) of the individual elements measured in the test.
Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the", are not indexed. |
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| TI | Title [Word Indexed] |
The Title (TI) field contains the English language version of a title. Stopwords such as "of" or "the" will display in documents but do not appear in the Title index. However, the word "a," which is a stopword in other fields, can be searched in the title. |
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| UP | Update Code [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Update Code (UP) field appears in all HAPI records and
contains the date the record was released into the HAPI database. It is
sometimes referred to as "Entry Month."
It consists of 6 digits, in YYYYMM format, where YYYY is the release year, MM is the release month. |
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| VA | Validity [Word Indexed] |
The Validity (VA) field indicates whether the original document includes information regarding three indicators of testing instrument effectiveness:
Each indicator is listed and is followed by a value of "Y" for reported or "X" for not reported. Stopwords, which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the", are not indexed. |
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| YR | Year [Phrase Indexed] |
| The Year (YR) field contains the year in which a document was published. The year may be searched using four digits, e.g., "1994." | |
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You can use special words and symbols to combine search terms and refine a search. For efficient searching, use the most appropriate operator from the list below to combine search terms. For more information on these and other searching techniques, including command line syntax searching, refer to the Ovid Gateway Help.
| Operator | Syntax | Example | Results |
| OR | OR | vitamin c or ascorbic acid | Retrieves records that contain either term or both terms. |
| AND | AND | sports and violence | Retrieves records that contain both terms. |
| NOT | NOT | domestic violence not sports | Retrieves records that contain the first term but not the second term. |
| ADJ | ADJ | television violence | Retrieves records that contain both terms, in order, and adjacent in the same sentence. |
| ADJn | violence adj5 sex | Retrieves records that contain both terms, in either order, with no more than n number of words between. The example will retrieve records containing the phrase, "racial prejudice, and television violence". | |
| FREQ | x.fd./FREQ=n | blood.ab. /freq=5 |
Retrieves records that contain n occurrences of the term in the specified field. The example will retrieve records containing the word "blood," at least five times in the Abstract (ab) field. |
| $ | x$ | rat$ |
The unlimited truncation symbol, $, retrieves records that contain the search term and all possible suffix variations of a root word. The example will retrieve records containing words such as rat, rats, rate, rationalize, ratify, etc. |
| x$n | dog$1 | The limited truncation symbol, $n, Retrieves records that contain the search term and all possible suffix variations of a root word with the maximum number of characters that may follow the root word or phrase, specified by n. The example will retrieve records containing words such as dog and dogs, but not dogma. | |
| # | # | wom#n | The mandated wildcard symbol, #, retrieves records that contain the search term with substituted character(s) in the specified locations. The example will retrieve records containing woman and women. |
| ? | ? | colo?r | The optional wildcard symbol, ?, retrieves records that contain the search term with either no characters substituted, or with substituted character(s) in the specified locations. The example will retrieve records containing color and colour. |
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The following limits are available from the Limit menu on the Main Search Page.
Popular Command and Sentence Syntax for Limits:
| Latest Update | |
| Sentence Syntax: | limit 1 to latest update |
| Update Code | |
| Command Syntax: | ..l/2 up=9701 |
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| Command Syntax: | ..c/hapi |
| Sentence Syntax: | use hapi |
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<1> Accession Number 61099. Title "headache diary". SS. Authors Blanchard, E. B.; Andrasik, F. Source Blanchard, E. B., Nicholson, N. L., Taylor, A. E., Steffek, B. D., Radnitz, C. L., & Appelbaum, K. A. (1991). The role of regular home practice in the relaxation treatment of tension headache. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 467-470. Descriptors Adult Adults Drug Therapy Headache Pain Pain Management References Blanchard, E. B., & Andraski, F. (1985). Management of chronic headache: A psychological approach. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press. Analyst Internal Consistency: H Parallel Forms: P Test-Retest: Inter-Rater: t Update Code 9701 <2> Accession Number 17960. Title Past Feelings and Acts of Violence Scale. PS. Authors Plutchik, Robert; van Praag, Herman M. Source Plutchik, R., & van Praag, H. M. (1990). A self-report measure of violence risk, II. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31, 450-456. Abstract The Past Feelings and Acts of Violence Scale (PFAV Scale) is designed to measure respondents' risk of violence. Items focus on feelings of anger and acts of violence against others. Respondents are asked whether they have beaten strangers or members of their family, whether they lose their temper easily, whether they carry and use weapons, whether they have been arrested, and so forth. The PFAV is a self-report questionnaire and contains 4-point Likert-type scales ranging from "never" to "very often. " Sample items are: "Do you find that you get angry for no reason at all?"; "Have you ever hit or attacked someone who is not a member of your family?"; and "Are weapons easily accessible to you?" Also available is a longer 36-item version, the Feelings and Acts of Violence Scale (FAV). Descriptors Anger Crime Violence-Weapons Number of Questions 12. Subscale Titles X. Reliability (Reported=Y; Not Reported=X) Internal Consistency: Y. Parallel Forms: X. Test-Retest: X. Inter-Rater: X. Validity (Reported=Y; Not Reported=X) Content: X. Criterion: X. Construct: Y. References REFERENCES: Apter, A., Plutchik, R., Sevy, S., Korn, M., Brown, S., & van Praag, H. (1989). Defense mechanisms in risk of suicide and risk of violence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 1027-1031. Plutchik, R., & van Praag, H. (1989). The measurement of suicidality, aggressivity and impulsivity. Progress Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 13, S23-S34. Plutchik, R., van Praag, H. M., & Conte, Hope R. (1989). Correlates of suicide and violence risk: III. A two-stage model of countervailing forces. Psychiatry Research, 28, 215-225. Analyst ANALYST: Dr. Robert Plutchik, Department of Psychiatry, Room 151, Bronx Municipal Hospital Center, Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY 10461. Update Code 9410.Go: Table of Contents or Back
Copyright © Behavioral Measurement Database Services, 2002. All rights reserved.
Use of the HaPI Database is done with the user's full understanding that Behavioral Measurement Database Services (BMDS), owner of HaPI, makes a reasonable effort to ensure currency, accuracy, and comprehensiveness of said database. Although the best professional judgment has been applied in providing this information within the aforementioned limits, BMDS assumes no liability whatever for the currency, accuracy, or comprehensiveness of the information herein, or for any errors or omissions in HaPI. BMDS makes no express or implied warranties, endorsements, or representations concerning the information herein and disclaims any liability for any damages in connection with the use of the information herein.
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Field Guide Updated September 19, 2005
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