Mutagenic and Genotoxic Effects of cis-(Dichloro)tetraammineruthenium(III) Chloride on Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Barbosa Ribeiro, Alessandra de Santana Braga
da Silva, Cláudio Carlos
de Castro Pereira, Flávia
de Lima, Aliny Pereira
Vilanova-Costa, Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago
Aguiar, Simone Santos
Pavanin, Luiz Alfredo
da Cruz, Aparecido Divino
de Paula Silveira-Lacerda, Elisângela

Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, ICB I-Sala 200, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001–970, Brazil (Ribeiro, Pereira, Lima, Vilanova-Costa, Aguiar, Silveira-Lacerda)
e-mail: [email protected] (Pereira)
e-mail: [email protected] (Lima)
e-mail: [email protected] (Vilanova-Costa)
e-mail: [email protected] (Aguiar)
e-mail: [email protected] (Silveira-Lacerda)
Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Católica de Goiás-UCG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil (da Silva, da Cruz)
e-mail: [email protected] (da Silva)
e-mail: [email protected] (da Cruz)
LaGene-Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Molecular, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Goiás-SES-GO, Goiânia, Brazil (da Silva, da Cruz)
Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. e-mail: [email protected] (Pavanin)

A. S. B. B. Ribeiro, Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, ICB I-Sala 200, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal: 131, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001–970, Brazil. e-mail: [email protected]

Received: 31 October 2008; Accepted: 28 January 2009.

Biological Trace Element Research 130(3):p 249-261, September 2009.

Chemotherapeutic agents play an important role in cancer treatment mostly due their systemic action on human organism allowing access to liquid tumors and even metastases. Among these drugs, ruthenium compounds have been showing promising results to treat tumors and represent an important development of new antitumor therapy. This study presents the evaluation of cis-(dichloro)tetraammineruthenium(III) chloride, cis-[RuCl₂(NH₃)₄]Cl, genotoxic effects using human peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in vitro. Mitotic index (MI), chromosome aberrations (CA), and DNA damage using the comet assay were analyzed. MI in human peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures treated with 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 μg mL⁻¹cis-[RuCl₂(NH₃)₄]Cl were 5.9%, 4.6%, 3.9%, and 0%, respectively. Doxorubicin chloridate was used as the positive control. CA derived from 1, 10, and 100 μg mL⁻¹ concentrations were defined as spontaneous when compared with the negative control, and at the concentration of 1,000 μg mL⁻¹, the cell cycle was inhibited (IM′=′0%). Results obtained for the comet assay using cis-[RuCl₂(NH₃)₄]Cl suggest that this compound has no genotoxic activity against cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.