1Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK
2National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
3Church Langley Medical Practice, Harlow, UK
4Royal Bolton Hospital, Bolton, UK
Correspondence to J Ng [email protected]
Competing interests: The BMJ has judged that there are no disqualifying financial ties to commercial companies.
The authors declare the following other interests: none.
Further details of The BMJ policy on financial interests is here: https://www.bmj.com/sites/default/files/attachments/resources/2016/03/16-current-bmj-education-coi-form.pdf.
Patient consent: The cases, images, and accompanying caption are a collaboration of several patients' histories that have been adequately modified and anonymised. Therefore, no patient consent was required.
Contributorship and the guarantor: JN and JH conceived the article and are guarantors. All authors wrote and reviewed the article, created the boxes, and helped with the figures. JH was the contact for patient involvement. The authors also thank Nigel Tan Choon Kiat, senior consultant at the National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, who contributed and supervised PJX in writing the neurology content of this article.
Provenance and peer review: commissioned, based on an idea from the author; externally peer reviewed.
