Vaginal Bacteria and Proinflammatory Host Immune Mediators as Biomarkers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition Risk Among African Women

Srinivasan, Sujatha
Richardson, Barbra A
Wallis, Jacqueline M
Fiedler, Tina L
Strenk, Susan M
Hoffman, Noah G
Proll, Sean
Chirenje, Z Mike
Livant, Edward W
Fredricks, David N
Hillier, Sharon L
Marrazzo, Jeanne M

Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Department of Biostatistics
Department of Global Health
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Clinical Trial Research Center, University of Zimbabwe, Harare
Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

Correspondence: Sujatha Srinivasan, PhD, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Mail Stop E4-100, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 ([email protected]).

Potential conflicts of interest. D. N. F. and T. L. F. receive royalties from Becton Dickinson. S. S. has received speaking honoraria from Lupin Inc. S. S. and D. N. F. have developed intellectual property around the molecular detection of bacteria associated with HIV risk. During the course of this study, S. L. H. received consulting fees from Dare Biosciences and Lupin Inc, and her institution received support from Dickinson, Lupin, Dare, and Curetek. B. A. R. has received payment from Gilead Sciences Inc for service as a data and safety monitoring board member for previous and ongoing clinical trials. All other authors report no potential conflicts.

All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

Received April 01, 2024

Accepted August 12, 2024

Revised September 03, 2024

This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights)

Journal of Infectious Diseases 230(6):p 1444-1455, December 15, 2024. | DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae406