Why do we test for urea and electrolytes?

Blann, Andrew

Author Andrew Blann is consultant at City Hospital, Birmingham, and senior lecturer in medicine, University of Birmingham.

•This article has been double-blind peer reviewed

Nursing Times 110(5):p 19-21, January 29, 2014.

Abstract

Blann A (2014) Routine blood tests 1: why do we test for urea and electrolytes? Nursing Times; 110: 5, 19-21. Urea and electrolytes are the most commonly requested biochemistry tests. They provide essential information on renal function, principally in excretion and homoeostasis. Creatinine levels are a major factor in determining the estimated glomerular filtration rate, which is the gold standard marker of kidney health.

The tests' clinical value is in the diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, which, if left untreated, can lead to thrombosis and cardiovascular disease such as myocardial infarction and stroke.

Learning objectives…

> After reading this article, you will be able to:
> Describe the functions of the kidneys
> Explain what electrolyte levels tell us
> List the causes and treatment of renal disease