Effects of a Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Program on C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP-3) and CTRP-5 Levels

Choi, Hae Yoon MD
Park, Ji Woo PHD
Lee, Namseok PHD
Hwang, Soon Young PHD
Cho, Geum Ju MD
Hong, Ho Cheol MD
Yoo, Hye Jin MD
Hwang, Taek Geun MD
Kim, Seon Mi MD
Baik, Sei Hyun MD
Park, Kyong Soo MD
Youn, Byung-Soo PHD
Choi, Kyung Mook MD

¹Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
²AdipoGen, Inc., Incheon, Korea
³Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
⁴Guro-Gu Public Health Center, Seoul, Korea
⁵Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
⁶Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kyung Mook Choi, [email protected].

K.S.P., B.-S.Y., and K.M.C. contributed equally to this work.

Received January 22, 2013

Accepted April 23, 2013

Diabetes Care 36(10):p 3321-3327, October 2013. | DOI: 10.2337/dc13-0178

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effect of a combined exercise program on C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein (CTRP) 3 and CTRP-5 levels and novel adiponectin paralogs suggested to be links between metabolism and inflammation and to evaluate sex differences and association with cardiometabolic risk factors in humans with use of a newly developed ELISA.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study explored the implications of CTRP-3 and CTRP-5 on cardiometabolic parameters in 453 nondiabetic Korean adults. In addition, we evaluated the impact of a 3-month combined exercise program on CTRP-3 and CTRP-5 levels in 76 obese women. The exercise program consisted of 45 min of aerobic exercise at an intensity of 60–75% of the age-predicted maximum heart rate (300 kcal/session) and 20 min of resistance training (100 kcal/session) five times per week.

RESULTS

Both CTRP-3 and CTRP-5 concentrations were significantly higher in women (P < 0.001) than in men (P = 0.030). In a multiple stepwise regression analysis, CTRP-3 levels were independently associated with age, sex, and triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, adiponectin, and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels (R² = 0.182). After 3 months of a combined exercise program, cardiometabolic risk factors, including components of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and RBP4 levels, decreased significantly. In particular, CTRP-3 levels decreased significantly (median [interquartile range] 444.3 [373.8–535.0] to 374.4 [297.2–435.9], P < 0.001), whereas CTRP-5 levels were slightly increased (34.1 [28.6–44.3] to 38.4 [29.8–55.1], P = 0.048).

CONCLUSIONS

A 3-month combined exercise program significantly decreased CTRP-3 levels and modestly increased CTRP-5 levels in obese Korean women.