Corresponding Author and Reprints: Edward J. Roccella, PhD, MPH, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Dr, MSC 2480, Bethesda, MD 20892 (e-mail: [email protected]).
Additional Authors/National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee Participants: Claude Lenfant, MD, chair (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md); George L. Bakris, MD, Henry R. Black, MD (Rush Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Ill); Barry L. Carter, PharmD (University of Iowa, Iowa City); Jerome D. Cohen, MD (St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo); Pamela J. Colman, DPM (American Podiatric Medical Association, Bethesda, Md); William C. Cushman, MD (Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, Tenn); Mark J. Cziraky, PharmD (Health Core, Inc, Newark, Del); John J. Davis, PA-C (American Academy of Physician Assistants, Memphis, Tenn); Keith Copelin Ferdinand, MD (Heartbeats Life Center, New Orleans, La); Ray W. Gifford, Jr, MD (Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Fountain Hills, Ariz); Michael Glick, DMD (UMDNJ, New Jersey Dental School, Newark); Lee A. Green, MD, MPH (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor); Stephen Havas, MD, MPH, MS (University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore); Thomas H. Hostetter, MD (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Md); Joseph L. Izzo, Jr, MD (State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo); Daniel W. Jones, MD (University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson); Lynn Kirby, RN, NP, COHNS (Sanofi-Synthelabo Research, Malvern, Pa); Kathryn M. Kolasa, PhD, RD, LDN (Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC); Stuart Linas, MD (University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver); William M. Manger, MD, PhD (New York University Medical Center, New York); Edwin C. Marshall, OD, MS, MPH (Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington); Barry J. Materson, MD, MBA (University of Miami, Miami, Fla); Jay Merchant, MHA (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Washington, DC); Nancy Houston Miller, RN, BSN (Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif); Marvin Moser, MD (Yale University School of Medicine, Scarsdale, NY); William A. Nickey, DO (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa); Suzanne Oparil, MD (University of Alabama at Birmingham); Otelio S. Randall, MD (Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC); James W. Reed, MD (Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga); Edward J. Roccella, PhD, MPH (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md); Lee Shaughnessy (National Stroke Association, Englewood, Colo); Sheldon G. Sheps, MD (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn); David B. Snyder, RPh, DDS (Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Md); James R. Sowers, MD (SUNY Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY); Leonard M. Steiner, MS, OD (Eye Group, Oakhurst, NJ); Ronald Stout, MD, MPH (Procter and Gamble, Mason, Ohio); Rita D. Strickland, EdD, RN (New York Institute of Technology, Springfield Gardens, NY); Carlos Vallbona, MD (Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex); Howard S. Weiss, MD, MPH (Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington Hospital Center, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC); Jack P. Whisnant, MD (Mayo Clinic and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minn); Gerald J. Wilson, MA, MBA (Citizens for Public Action on High Blood Pressure and Cholesterol, Inc, Potomac, Md); Mary Winston, EdD, RD (American Heart Association, Dallas, Tex); Jackson T. Wright, Jr, MD, PhD (Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio); Staff: Joanne Karimbakas, MS, RD (American Institutes for Research Health Program, Silver Spring, Md).
Financial Disclosures: The following authors have received honoraria for serving as a speaker: Dr Chobanian (Monarch, Wyeth, Astra-Zeneca, Solvay, Bristol-Myers Squibb); Dr Bakris (Astra-Zeneca, Abbott, Alteon, Biovail, Boerhinger-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Sanofi, Sankyo, Solvay); Dr Black (Astra-Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacia, Wyeth-Ayerst); Dr Izzo (Boehringer-Ingelheim, Merck, Pfizer, Astra-Zeneca, Solvay, Novartis, Forest, Sankyo); Dr Sowers (Med Com Vascular Biology Working Group, Joslin Clinic Foundation); Dr Wright (Astra, Aventis, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Forest, Merck, Norvartis, Pfizer, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, Solvay/Unimed).
The following authors have received funding/grant support for research projects: Dr Bakris (National Institutes of Health, Astra-Zeneca, Abbott, Alteon, Boerhinger-Ingelheim, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Sankyo, Solvay); Dr Black (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Merck, Pfizer, Pharmacia); Dr Cushman (Astra-Zeneca, Merck, Pfizer, Kos, Aventis Pharma, King Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer-Ingelheim); Dr Izzo (Boehringer-Ingelheim, Merck, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Biovail); Dr Oparil (Abbott Laboratories, Astra-Zeneca, Aventis, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Monarch, Novartis [Ciba], Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi/BioClin, Schering Plough, Schwarz Pharma, Scios Inc, GD Searle, Wyeth-Ayerst, Sankyo, Solvay, Texas Biotechnology Corporation); Dr Sowers (Novartis, Astra-Zeneca); Dr Wright (Astra, Aventis, Bayer, Biovail, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Forest, Merck, Norvartis, Pfizer, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, Solvay/Unimed).
The following authors have served as a consultant/advisor: Dr Bakris (Astra-Zeneca, Abbott, Alteon, Biovail, Boerhinger-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Forest, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Sanofi, Sankyo, Solvay); Dr Black (Abbott, Astra-Zeneca, Biovail, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Pfizer, Pharmacia); Dr Carter (Bristol-Myers Squibb); Dr Cushman (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer, Solvay, Pharmacia, Takeda, Sankyo, Forest, Biovail); Dr Izzo (Merck, Astra-Zeneca, Novartis, Intercure, Sankyo, Nexcura); Dr Jones (Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Forest, Novartis); Dr Manger (NHBPEP Coordinating Committee); Dr Materson (Unimed, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Reliant, Tanabe, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Pharmacia, Noven, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Solvay); Dr Oparil (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi, Novartis, The Salt Institute, Wyeth-Ayerst).
The following author has stock holdings: Dr Izzo (Intercure, Nexcura).
Dr Oparil is also on the Board of Directors for the Texas Biotechnology Corporation.
The NHBPEP Coordinating Committee Thanks the Following Reviewers: William B. Applegate, MD, MPH (Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC); Jan N. Basile, MD (Veterans Administration Hospital, Charleston, SC); Robert Carey, MD (University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va); Victor Dzau, MD (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass); Brent M. Egan, MD (Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC); Bonita Falkner, MD (Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa); John M. Flack, MD, MPH (Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich); Edward D. Frohlich, MD (Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, La); Haralambos Gavras, MD (Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass); Martin Grais, MD (Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill); Willa A. Hsueh, MD (David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles); Kenneth A. Jamerson, MD (University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor); Norman M. Kaplan, MD (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas); Theodore A. Kotchen, MD (Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee); Daniel Levy, MD (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Mass); Michael A. Moore, MD (Wake Forest University School of Medicine and Dan River Region Cardiovascular Health Initiative Program, Danville, Va); Thomas J. Moore, MD (Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Mass); Vasilios Papademetriou, MD (Veterans Administration Medical Center, Washington, DC); Carl J. Pepine, MD (University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Fla); Robert A. Phillips, MD, PhD (New York University, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York); Thomas G. Pickering, MD, DPhil (Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY); L. Michael Prisant, MD (Medical College of Georgia, Augusta); C. Venkata S. Ram, MD (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Texas Blood Pressure Institute, Dallas); Elijah Saunders, MD (University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore); Stephen C. Textor, MD (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn); Donald G. Vidt, MD (Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio); Myron H. Weinberger, MD (Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis); Paul K. Whelton, MD, MSc (Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La).
Funding/Support: This work was supported entirely by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The executive committee, writing teams, and reviewers served as volunteers without remuneration.
The NHBPEP Coordinating Committee Includes Representatives From the Following Member Organizations: American Academy of Family Physicians; American Academy of Neurology; American Academy of Ophthalmology; American Academy of Physician Assistants; American Association of Occupational Health Nurses; American College of Cardiology; American College of Chest Physicians; American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine; American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine; American College of Preventive Medicine; American Dental Association; American Diabetes Association; American Dietetic Association; American Heart Association; American Hospital Association; American Medical Association; American Nurses Association; American Optometric Association; American Osteopathic Association; American Pharmaceutical Association; American Podiatric Medical Association; American Public Health Association; American Red Cross; American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; American Society of Hypertension; American Society of Nephrology; Association of Black Cardiologists; Citizens for Public Action on High Blood Pressure and Cholesterol, Inc; Hypertension Education Foundation, Inc; International Society on Hypertension in Blacks; National Black Nurses Association, Inc; National Hypertension Association, Inc; National Kidney Foundation, Inc; National Medical Association; National Optometric Association; National Stroke Association; NHLBI Ad Hoc Committee on Minority Populations; Society for Nutrition Education; The Society of Geriatric Cardiology. Federal Agencies: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Department of Veterans Affairs; Health Resources and Services Administration; National Center for Health Statistics; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Acknowledgment: We appreciate the assistance of Carol Creech, MILS, and Gabrielle Gessner, BS, from American Institutes for Research Health Program, Silver Spring, Md.
