Objective Measures Needed — Program Directors' Perspectives on a Pass/Fail USMLE Step 1

From the School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University (A.T.M.), and the Department of Plastic Surgery (M.E.P., B.C.D.), the Department of Biomedical Informatics (B.C.D.), and the Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society (B.C.D.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center — both in Nashville; and the Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor (N.G.K.).